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To shrink a large database log file in ms sql server

To shrink a large database log file, follow these steps:

Step 1: Identify the Logical Name of the Log File

Run the following query to get the logical name of the log file for your database:

USE [YourDatabaseName];
GO

SELECT name AS LogicalName, type_desc AS FileType, size * 8 / 1024 AS FileSizeMB
FROM sys.database_files;

Look for the file with type_desc = LOG.

Step 2: Shrink the Log File

Use the DBCC SHRINKFILE command to shrink the log file.

USE [YourDatabaseName];
GO

DBCC SHRINKFILE (LogicalName, TargetSizeInMB);
GO
  • Replace LogicalName with the name of your log file obtained from Step 1.
  • Replace TargetSizeInMB with the desired size (e.g., 100 MB).

Example:

DBCC SHRINKFILE (YourLogFileLogicalName, 100);
GO

Step 3: Ensure Log File Usage is Minimized

To ensure shrinking works effectively:

  1. Backup the Transaction Log (if the database is in FULL or BULK_LOGGED recovery model):

    BACKUP LOG [YourDatabaseName] TO DISK = 'C:\Backup\YourDatabase_Log.trn';
GO

  2. Switch to Simple Recovery Mode Temporarily: If you don't need point-in-time recovery, you can temporarily switch to the SIMPLE recovery model:

    ALTER DATABASE [YourDatabaseName] SET RECOVERY SIMPLE;
GO

    After shrinking, you can switch back to FULL if required:

    ALTER DATABASE [YourDatabaseName] SET RECOVERY FULL;
GO

Step 4: Check the Log File Size Again

Verify the size after shrinking:

SELECT name AS LogicalName, type_desc AS FileType, size * 8 / 1024 AS FileSizeMB
FROM sys.database_files;

Notes:

  • Frequent shrinking is not recommended as it can lead to fragmentation.
  • If your log file is large due to uncommitted transactions or excessive logging, address those underlying issues.

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